30 DEANS AND DEVELOPMENT institutions as Arts and Sciences or professional and places them on a continuum according to their predominance in either category. At one end of the continuum are 158 predominantly Arts and Sciences colleges (typically private, non-profit); at the other 276 predominantly professional colleges (typically for-profit). Between these two extremes are more than 1000 public and private four-year institutions offering a robust blend of the Arts and Sciences along with the professions. The mix will vary, but most colleges and universities in the United States have some blend of liberal arts and professional programs. Arts and Sciences within the University A college of Arts and Sciences is an amalgamation, of rather distinc- tive academic departments, that varies from campus-to-campus. For instance, while biology is typically in Arts and Sciences, it may be put in a closely related professional school, such as agriculture or forestry. Mathematics may coexist with engineering, while political science may be embedded in a named school of public policy. Furthermore, the focus on interdisciplinary research in recent decades has spawned administrative structures falling outside of standard colleges/schools. And then more recently, the budget cuts occurring in higher education reinforced a perception that a college of Arts and Sciences may well have a splendid intellectual heritage, but also an easily shifted structure, as administrators sometimes rearranged or consolidated departments to achieve aggregate cost savings. The resulting variety of disciplines contained within Arts and Sciences is an obvious strength in that it widens donor options; however, such intellectual breadth can also complicate fundraising. Thus, the dean of a college of Arts and Sciences must think about raising money for broad purposes, whether it is liberal education, quality teaching, cutting-edge research, or improved student retention. All are fine causes, easily saleable; one of the great accomplishments a dean can make during his/her tenure is to raise money in perpetuity to help support faculty and students. However, donors often bestow gifts to the department they majored in where they have some emotional connection to faculty, rather than to a college of Arts and Sciences.